Coperate Gorvernance Essay

Executive summary: Cadbury Report (1992) stated that â€Å"corporate governance is the process by which companies and directed and controlled† (cited in Tricker, 2009). In other words, it helps the corporate entities increase the value provided to the organisation’s various stakeholders. Therefore, appropriate corporate governance plays a very important role in development of organisations. This  review will define corporate governance and some of its concepts (through the paper). Following, the review will give a Memorandum or a general introduction about Nufarm, which is a publicly listed company and then consider the structure, process and effectiveness of its governance. Besides, the paper will mention about areas such as the composition and responsibilities of the Nufarm Board of Directors, and disclose policies, codes of conduct adopted by the company, which are relevant to the company’s governance scopes. Finally, from information and analyses, there are some recommendations for the Nufarm to achieve appropriate improvements. For example, the company’s governance should recognise and adhere to all relevant laws and regulations and meets high standards with respect to honesty and integrity. In addition, the company should have open and effective communications with its shareholders and the general investment community. Furthermore, the company should have effective methods to review drivers of governance, etc. Table of contents Contents I.Introduction3 II.What is corporate governance?3 III.General introduction about Nufarm, information of the company (Memorandum)3 IV.The Structure, process and effectiveness of the Nufarm’s governance4 The Scope of the company’s Corporate Governance influences the company’s codes:7 V.Recommendations8 VI.References10 I. Introduction Recently, the appearance of high-profile corporate failures, scandals and executive corruption arises the requirement for organisations to follow appropriate corporate governance structures, processes standards and practices. The aim of this paper is to investigate the structure, process and  effectiveness of the governance of Nufarm, a publicly listed company and give recommendations for it to achieve appropriate improvements. II. What is corporate governance? Cadbury report (1992) and OECD (1999) defined that ‘corporate governance is the process by which company are directed and controlled’.  Monks & Minow (2001) suggested that ‘corporate governance is the relationship among various participants in determining the direction and performance of corporations. The primary participants are the shareholders, the management and the board of directors’. OECD (2001) supposed that ‘corporate governance refers to the private and public institutions, including laws, regulations and accepted business practices, which together govern the relationship, in a market economy, between corporate managers and entrepreneurs, on the one hand, and those who invest resources in corporations, on the other III. General introduction about Nufarm, information of the company (Memorandum) Nufarm Limited is a publicly listed company, one of the world’s leading crop protection companies (Nufarm’s website, 2012). The company manufactures products to help farmers protect their crops against damage caused by weeds, pests and disease. Its manufacturing and marketing spread throughout Australia, New Zealand, Asia, The Americas and Europe and sells products in more than 100 countries around the world. According to the Nufarm’s website (2012), the company employs more than 2,600 people around the places having its manufacturing and marketing operations, all of whom make a vital contribution to the company’s reputation for quality products, innovation and first class marketing and technical support. Proudly based in Australia, Nufarm is listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (with symbol NUF). Its head office is located at Laverton in Melbourne, Australia. Table1: the information contained in the company details table (ASX website, 2012) IV. The Structure, process and effectiveness of the Nufarm’s governance The company’s board structure contains Chairman (Donald Gordon McGauchie), Managing Director/CEO (Doug Rathbone), and five Non Executive Directors who are Anne Bernadette Brennan, Gordon Richard Davis, Bruce Goodfellow, Gary Hounsell, Peter Margin (Nufarm’s website, 2012). According to the company’s website (2012), the Board is the governing body of the Company. The Board is responsible for the oversight of the Company. It is responsible to ensure that the business of the Company is carried out in the best interests of all shareholders and with proper regard to the interests of all other stakeholders. Specifically, the Board has responsibility to protect and enhance the value of the assets of the Company, set strategies and directions and monitor and review those strategic objectives, review and ratify internal controls, codes of conduct and legal compliance, review the Company’s accounts, approve and review the one year operating budget and five year strategic plan for the Company, appoint the Managing Director, evaluate performance and determine the remuneration of the Managing Director and senior executives, ensure the significant risks facing the Company have been identified and adequate control monitoring and reporting mechanisms are in place, approve transactions relating to acquisitions, divestments and capital expenditure above authority limits delegated to management, approve financial and dividend policy, appoint the Company Secretary, ratify the appointment of the Chief Financial Officer (Nufarm’s website, 2012). The managing Director is delegated to be responsible for the day-to-day leadership and management of the Company. To assist the Board to discharge its responsibilities and duties, the Board has delegated to the Managing Director specific authorities which are subject to appropriate reporting and monitoring procedures. For example: * Shareholder values / corporate strategy: the Managing Director formulates and brings to the Board for review and approval, an appropriate long term strategy for the Nufarm Group  and appropriate financial standards and policies. The strategy is reviewed by the Board at its annual strategic planning review and any changes in financial standards are reviewed by the Audit Committee. * Organisation Planning: the Managing Director formulates an appropriate human resources policy which is reviewed by the Board annually. * Capital Allocation: The Managing Director approves capital expenditure within limits set by the Board. All approvals made by the Managing Director are reported and reviewed at every Board Meeting. * Company Financial Performance: the Managing Director reports to the Board at each Board Meeting on the financial results of the Company. * Compliance: The Managing Director is responsible for ensuring compliance with all relevant legislation. In brief, the Board has delegated to the Managing Director all powers required to manage the business of the Company and the Managing Director reports on a monthly basis on all material matters affecting the Nufarm Group to the Board. Besides, The Board has three committees: the Audit Committee, the Nomination Committee and the Remuneration Committee. These Board Committees review and analyse policies and strategies within their specific terms of reference. The Board Committees examine proposals and, where appropriate, make recommendations to the Board. The Board Committees do not take direct action or make decisions on behalf of the Board unless specifically mandated by prior Board authority (Nufarm’s website). The Nomination Committee consists of three non-executive Directors and is comprised of a majority of independent Directors. The Committee’s purpose is to develop criteria for Board membership and identify specific individuals for nomination; and establish processes for the review of the performance of individual Directors and the Board as a whole. The duties of this committee is facilitating a Board performance assessment, develop criteria for Board membership, identify suitably skilled, qualified and experienced individuals for nomination and to establish processes for the review of the performance of Directors. According to Tricker (2012, p.283), ‘the essential and original role of the audit committee is to act as a bridge between the independent external auditors and the board, avoiding the possibility of powerful executive directors’ and over the years the role and responsibilities of the committee have expanded. Nufarm company’s Audit Committee’s primary function is to assist the Board in fulfilling its corporate governance responsibilities in regard to financial reporting, audit and risk management, including: oversight of the preparation of Nufarm Limited’s (the Group) financial reporting; compliance with legal and regulatory obligations; oversight of the effectiveness of the Group’s enterprise-wide risk management and internal control framework; and oversight of the relationship with the external and internal auditors. The specific duties and responsibilities of the company’s audit committee in meeting will be: report Committee actions to the Board with such recommendations as the Committee may deem appropriate (e.g. The Committee will report to the Board immediately if it becomes aware of any material misstatement in financial information provided by management to the Board or of any material breakdown in internal controls), continuously monitor a framework and processes for compliance with laws, regulations, standards, best practice guidelines and the Group’s code of conduct, maintain suitable interaction with the Health Safety & Environment Committee and the Nomination & Governance Committee, perform such other functions assigned by law, the Company’s Constitution, or the Board. The Remuneration Committee’s purpose is to recommend to the Board policies and practices which enable Nufarm to attract, develop, retain and motivate high caliber Directors and executives. The Committee will review and make recommendations on policies for remuneration, development, retention and termination of Directors and Key Management Personnel (KMP). The Committee’s duties are to review and make recommendations to the Board in relation to Nufarm’s Board and executive remuneration strategy, structure and practice with regard to: Nufarm strategic objectives; corporate governance principles; and competitive practice. The specific matters the Committee may consider include the review of: executive management and Directors’  remuneration, including the link between Company and individual performance; current industry best practice; the outcome of the annual vote on the adoption of the Remuneration Report; different methods for remunerating senior management and Directors including superannuation arrangements; 2/4 existing or proposed incentive schemes; retirement and termination benefits and payments for senior management; professional indemnity and liability insurance policies. The Committee is responsible for seeking and approving remuneration advisers that will provide independent remuneration advice, as appropriate, on Board, CEO and other KMP remuneration strategy, structure practice and disclosure. However, according to the company website (2012), the Committee does not have executive powers to commit the Board or management to its recommendations except where authorised by a resolution of the Board nor become involved in day to day management activities or decision making. The Scope of the company’s Corporate Governance influences the company’s codes: According to Tricker (2012), the structure, the membership and the process of the governing body are central to corporate governance. However, the relations with shareholders, contractual stakeholders, legal institutions, etc also influence the structure and operation of Nufarm’s corporate governance. Therefore, the company’s corporate governance refers to the private and public institutions, including laws, regulations and public institutions, which together govern the relationship between corporate managers and entrepreneurs, on the one hand, and those who invest resources in corporations on the other (Tricker, 2012). For example, the company’s code of conduct is governed by and contrasted in accordance with the laws in the State of Victoria, Australia. Besides, Nufarm has ensured to be compliance with the ASX Listing Rules, and ensured that Key Management Personnel and their associates are aware of the legal restrictions in dealing in Nufarm’s shares, options or other securities while such a person is in possession of unpublished price sensitive information concerning Nufarm. V. Recommendations There are some recommendations in order for Nufarm to make appropriate  improvements for its corporate governance are: Firstly, Nufarm should conduct its business in a manner which recognises and adheres to all relevant laws and regulations and meets high standards with respect to honesty and integrity. In order to meet this commitment, we require all Nufarm directors, employees, contractors and consultants to be familiar with and uphold the company’s code of conduct in all business dealings. Besides, according to Tricker (2012), the Board, which determines whether the company’s governance is good, is the major driving force in a company. However, there are other drivers of good governance in the company such as shareholders. Therefore, the company should have open and effective communications with its shareholders and the general investment community. For example, with shareholders, the company should adopt a shareholder communications policy in order to: * Ensure that shareholders and the financial markets are provided with full and timely information about its activities; * Comply with continuous disclosure obligations contained in applicable Listing Rules and the Corporations Act in Australia as well as industry guidelines such as the Australasian Investor Relations Associations’, Best Practice Guidelines for Communication between Listed Entities and the Investment Community; and Ensure equality of access to briefings, presentations and meetings for shareholders, analysts and media. * Encourage attendance and voting at shareholder meetings; The company’s Remuneration Committee should review induction and development arrangements for the Board to ensure Board members gain and maintain a suitable level of knowledge about Nufarm. Audit Committee should usually review and make recommendations to the Board on the Nufarm Diversity Policy ensuring the Policy is in line with applicable legislation and governance principles. Self-assess whether the Committees comply with its membership requirements at least once every year. Critically review the Remuneration Committee Charter at least once per year to ensure its relevance and compliance with overall governance legislative requirements and best practice. VI. References Monks, B., Nell, M. 2007, Corporate Governance, 4th edn, Chichester, UK:Wiley. Tricker, B. 2009, Corporate Governance: Principles, Policies, and Practices, Oxford University Press. Nufarm website 2012, , viewed 15 July, 2012. ASX website 2012, Nufarm Limited (NUF), , viewed 15 July, 2012.

Bullying and Teasing Essay

Abstract The importance of the recognition of bullying is to get people to notice and be aware of what’s going on around them. For them to see the damage and harm it is causing every individual. The statistics of bullying is so overwhelming that it awakening and frightening at the same time. Bullying and Teasing: No Laughing Matter Unfortunately, teasing is often part of growing up — almost every child experiences it. But it isn’t always as innocuous as it seems. Words can cause pain. Teasing becomes bullying when it is repetitive or when there is a conscious intent to hurt another child. If more people were aware of the harm and damage cause by bullying, people would try to prevent it more and there would be less victims of it. It can be verbal bullying (making threats, name-calling), psychological bullying (excluding children, spreading rumors), or physical bullying (hitting, pushing, taking a child’s possessions). How Bullying Starts Bullying behavior is prevalent throughout the world and it cuts across socio-economic, racial/ethnic, and cultural lines. Researchers estimate that 20 to 30 percent of school-age children are involved in bullying incidents, as either perpetrators or victims. Bullying can begin as early as preschool  and intensify during transitional stages, such as starting school in 1st grade or going into the middle school. Victims of bullying are often shy and tend to be physically weaker than their peers. They may also have low self-esteem and poor social skills, which makes it hard for them to stand up for themselves. Bullies consider these children safe targets because they usually don’t retaliate. Effects of Bullying If your child is the victim of bullying, he may suffer physically and emotionally, and his schoolwork will likely show it. Grades drop because, instead of listening to the teacher, kids are wondering what they did wrong and whether anyone will sit with them at lunch. If bullying persists, they may be afraid to go to school. Problems with low self-esteem and depression can last into adulthood and interfere with personal and professional lives. Bullies are affected too, even into adulthood; they may have difficulty forming positive relationships. They are more apt to use tobacco and alcohol, and to be abusive spouses. Some studies have even found a correlation with later criminal activities. Warning Signs If you’re concerned that your child is a victim of teasing or bullying, look for these signs of stress: * Increased passivity or withdrawal * Frequent crying * Recurrent complaints of physical symptoms such as stomach-aches or headaches with no apparent cause * Unexplained bruises * Sudden drop in grades or other learning problems * Not wanting to go to school * Significant changes in social life — suddenly no one is calling or extending invitations * Sudden change in the way your child talks — calling herself a loser, or a former friend a jerk How to Help First, give your child space to talk. If she recounts incidences of teasing or bullying, be empathetic. If your child has trouble verbalizing her feelings, read a story about children being You can also use puppets, dolls, or stuffed animals to encourage a young child to act out problems. Once you’ve opened the door, help your child begin to problem-solve. Role-play  situations and teach your child ways to respond. You might also need to help your child find a way to move on by encouraging her to reach out and make new friends. She might join teams and school clubs to widen her circle. At home and on the playground: Adults need to intervene to help children resolve bullying issues, but calling another parent directly can be tricky unless he or she is a close friend. It is easy to find yourself in a â€Å"he said/she said† argument. Try to find an intermediary: even if the bullying occurs outside of school, a teacher, counselor, coach, or after-school program director may be able to help mediate a productive discussion. If you do find yourself talking directly to the other parent, try to do it in person rather than over the phone. Don’t begin with an angry recounting of the other child’s offenses. Set the stage for a collaborative approach by suggesting going to the playground, or walking the children to school together, to observe interactions and jointly express disapproval for any unaccepted behavior. At school: Many schools (sometimes as part of a statewide effort) have programs especially designed to raise awareness of bullying behavior and to help parents and teachers deal effectively with it. Check with your local school district to see if it has such a program. Schools and parents can work effectively behind the scenes to help a child meet and make new friends via study groups or science-lab partnerships. If you are concerned about your child: * Share with the teacher what your child has told you; describe any teasing or bullying you may have witnessed. * Ask the teacher if she sees similar behavior at school, and enlist her help in finding ways to solve the problem. * If she hasn’t seen any instances of teasing, ask that she keep an eye out for the behavior you described. * If the teacher says your child is being teased, find out whether there are any things he may be doing in class to attract teasing. Ask how he responds to the teasing, and discuss helping him develop a more effective response. * After the initial conversation, be sure to make a follow-up appointment to discuss how things are going. * If the problem persists, or the teacher ignores your concerns, and your child starts to withdraw or not want to go  to school, consider the possibility of â€Å"therapeutic intervention.† Ask to meet with the school counselor or psychologist, or request a referral to the appropriate school professional. Bullying and suicide link together. Not many people see that. A lot of adults still see bullying as† just being a kid†. It is a serious problem that leads to many negative effects of victims, including suicide. People don’t see but a major portion of victims of suicide are linked to being bullied. The statistics on bullying and suicide are alarming: * Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people, resulting in about 4,400 deaths per year, according to the CDC. For every suicide among young people, there are at least 100 suicide attempts. Over 14 percent of high school students have considered suicide, and almost 7 percent have attempted it. * Bully victims are between 2 to 9 times more likely to consider suicide than non-victims, according to studies by Yale University * A study in Britain found that at least half of suicides among young people are related to bullying * 10 to 14 year old girls may be at even higher risk for suicide, according to the study above * According to statistics reported by ABC News, nearly 30 percent of students are either bullies or victims of bullying, and 160,000 kids stay home from school every day because of fear of bullying Bully-related suicide can be connected to any type of bullying, including physical bullying, emotional bullying, cyber bullying, and sexting, or circulating suggestive or nude photos or messages about a person. Some schools or regions have more serious problems with bullying and suicide related to bullying. This may be due to an excessive problem with bullying at the school. It could also be related to the tendency of students who are exposed to suicide to consider suicide themselves. There are too many kids out there, which are being bullied and teased. I think; I know if more people were aware of this issue more and the damage it causes to each person’s life, they would try to prevent it. There would be a lower rate of bullied victims.

The Effects Of Food On Food And The Processed Materials Essay

Throughout my lifetime, I have always eaten everything that pleased me. If I wanted a cookie, I would have seven. If I wanted to eat ramen at twelve o’clock at night, I would get up and cook it. I never had a problem with eating immense amounts of food. In contrast, my mother always believed that I ate too little. Therefore, I was always encouraged (sometimes forced) to consume anything and everything when I felt the smallest inclination to eat. I never thought about where the food came from or what process was used to make and ship these goods. If I desired food, there was nothing stopping me from having it. My roommate in college, however, changed my perception of food and the processed materials. Melody, my roommate, is a true vegan, not eating any types of meat, seafood, milk, eggs, cheese, butter, or gelatin. Her diet is greatly restrictive and requires immense planning and calculation. As a college student, choosing the food that we eat is a luxury. Therefore, she never has anything to eat in the dining halls as there are no food options for vegans. Instead, she survives on a diet of lettuce, mixed vegetables, beans, and rice every day. Even through this adversity, she is dedicated to her diet. In a world where only a few items are made without butter, eggs, cheese, or milk, I do not know how she resists her temptation to break out of her regimen. In numerous parts of the world, people restrict their diets voluntarily. Some individuals simply sacrifice one specificShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Food And Related Processed Materials1383 Words   |  6 Pageseating immense amounts of food. In contrast, my mother always believed that I ate too little, so I was always encouraged (sometimes forced) to consume anything and everything when I felt the smallest inclination to eat. I never thought about where the food came from or what process was used to make and ship these goods. 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Interracial Issues Among Marriage, And Criminal...

During the terrible times of the 1800’s and 1900’s when the blacks and whites were racially separated terrifying events occurred to many people of color. The decimation was beyond the unnecessary, the killings and insults were highly common on the black community. Therefore a major problem during the time was the idea of marriage, in which the whites and blacks could only marry there race. In today’s statues that idea sound profound, but during the times of the correctional era it was not easy for international couples to be seen or accepted. For several years the idea was crime which terrified the people. After some time the idea fated and became acceptable to society. In this essay I will discuss the interracial issues among marriage, and criminal prosecution between the 1800s and the 1900s. Throughout the period of inequality there were many cases dealing with the crime of racial relationships. One of many was the case of lovings vs. virgina. The main problem if the case was the fact that a white man was married to a black woman. During this period of time that was crime, because people saw blacks as low class people and uneducated. However different states believed it to be a crime, for example in Virginia, when they returned they were sent to court and then they make them go to jail. Bryan Stevenson wrote a book titled Just Mercy about his life coming from the color community describing the challenges he faced on an average day to day bases. The book tells his lifeShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthe cold war. In addition to the problems posed for conceptualizing the twentieth century as a discrete era of world history due to overlap with the preceding period and disconcertingly radical shifts in the course of global development in the 1900s, contradictory forces and trends, which perhaps more than any other attribute distinguish this turbulent phase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. As the essays in thisRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages........... 19 CHAPTER 2 Claims, Issues, and Arguments .............................................................................. 23 What is a Statement?............................................................................................................................ 23 What is an Argument?......................................................................................................................... 25 What is the Issue?........................................Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesgraduated from Iowa State University with a major in mathematics and, while acquiring graduate degrees at the University of Iowa, concentrated on statistics, computer programming, psychometrics, and test development. Currently, he divides his duties between teaching and evaluation; in addition to teaching, he is the assessment facilitator for the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Community Schools. In his spare time he enjoys reading and hiking. He and his wife have a daughter, Anna, who is a graduate student in Civil

Evidence Based Practice Effect Of Support Groups On...

Evidence Based Practice: Effect of Support Groups on Substance Use Recovery Deborah F. is a 53-year-old female who had been admitted to the Chemical Dependency Rehabilitation Program at Sharp Mesa Vista for the treatment of alcohol dependence and pain disorder. Her history includes several disorders that are a cause of her pain including lupus, fibromyalgia, spinal arthritis, interstitial cystitis, shoulder pain, and multiple foot surgeries. According to her chart, she had been drinking two bottles of wine daily for almost two weeks in attempt to forget about her increasing pain. She is currently on voluntary detoxification and is considered a high fall risk. Her plan of care includes a series of medications that are prescribed for her pain and medical problems. Along with her treatment, Sharp Mesa Vista Hospital implements a treatment plan for all patients in the CDRP, which is referred to the 12-step treatment. 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My favorite recreational activity is soccer. I pla Essay Example For Students

My favorite recreational activity is soccer. I pla Essay y soccer a lot and have been playing for five or six seasons. in a game not long ago I made a hat trick , or three goals in one game. We placed second in our league this year. Their are lots of rules in soccer and they are all very important. If you dont follow them you will pay the consequences. Ill tell you about them in this paper. Probably the most important rule is that you cant touch the ball with your hands. If you do you will be penalized by the other team getting an indirect kick or a direct kick. The only time it will be a direct kick because of a hand ball will be when the hand ball is in the goalie box. Another rule of soccer is that you cant hit the other players or curse at them. If you do hit another player you will either get a yellow card or a red card depending on the severeness of the hit and if was an accident or not. A yellow card is a caution and a red card puts you out of the game. Soccer is played al over the country and all over the world. It is a sport that is in the summer Olympics. The games will be held in Atlanta this year and teams from all over the world will be playing there. Hopefully we will get tickets to one of the games because I really want to see one. Soccer is a very fun sport and is very good for me. I love it and will always play it. You should try it you have not already tried it. BicyclingRiding my bike is my favorite recreational activity. I have a haro race group 1zI. I ride every day and often ride to school. Their are many tipes of bikes for sale these days. My freinds all ride too. Sometimes we go all over town just for fun. There are many kinds of tricks you can do on bikes. Some of them are very difficult and others are very hard and take a while to learn. I can only do a few simple ones. One of the tricks is called an indo. This one I can do and quite well. Its really pretty simple all you have to do is get going pretty slow and hit the front brakes. When you do this you back tire comes off the ground and goes up in the air. Some people that get really good can make the bike turn around. Another trick is called a bunny hop. Most any one can do this trick. All you do is pull up your front tire and then push it down fast enough so that back tire is off the ground. For it to be a bunny hop both tires must be off the ground. Probably the easiest trick of all is popping a wheelie. To perform this trick you must simply pull up your front tire. Some people can ride wheelies. This where you pull up your front tire and hold it up for a long time. There are other tricks that are much harder like doing a flip or bunny hopping over a trash can. I can not do these tricks. Only professionals can perform these hard tricks. I love riding my bike. AgricultureAlthough greatly reduced as a source of employment, agriculture has undergone a major transformation. Georgia agriculture is modern and mechanized, and the former strong economic dependence upon cotton has been replaced with a diversified agricultural economy based upon the production of soybeans, corn, peanuts, tobacco, poultry, cattle, and horticultural and orchard crops. Much of Georgias crop production is concentrated on the Inner Coastal Plain. The Piedmont, once an established farming region, is now characterized by farmers who operate small part-time cattle farms but who earn most of their income from employment in towns and cities. These farmers sell, buy, and trade cattle for a living. Forest, Georgias most common landscape component, covers about 65% of the state; forest area has increased by more than 10,000 sq km (3,860 sq mi) since the 1930s. Complexes of longleaf and slash pines cover most of the Coastal Plain, and loblolly and shortlea f pines forest the Piedmont. A forest of oak and pine is dominant on the upper Piedmont, changing to oak and hickory forest in the mountains. The declining acreage for cropland has allowed extensive forest regrowth of pine. Leiningen Versus The Ants EssayOkefenokeeOkefenokee Swamp is located in southeastern Georgia and northeastern Florida. Covering more than 1,553 sq km (600 sq mi), the swamp is drained by the Suwannee and Saint Marys rivers. The swamp is still in a relatively primitive state and contains virgin pine forests, stands of black gum and cypress, and grassland. Wildlife includes alligators and other reptiles, deer, bears, and several hundred species of birds. In 1937 most of the swamp was made a national wildlife refuge. Robins Air Force BaseThe Robins Air Force Base, located near Warner Robins, is home to the Warner Robins Air LogisticsCenter, the 653rd Support Group, which performs the vital functions of running the huge baes, and the worldwide headquarters for the Air Force Reserve. The largest industrial complex in the state, Robins employes approximately 14,500 civilians and 4,400 military personel and contributes nearly $700 million anually through its payroll to the middle Georgia economy. Robins is also home to the Museum of Aviation, which welcomes over 200,000 visitors annually to veiw aircraft, missile exhibits and films on aviation history. Sam NunnDemocrat Samuel Augustus Nunn, Jr., b. Perry, Ga., Sept. 8, 1938, U.S. senator from his home state since 1972, is chair of the powerful Senate Armed Services Committee. Nunn attended the Georgia Institute of Technology for three years (1956-59), served a one-year hitch in the Coast Guard, then received his undergraduate (1960) and law (1962) degrees from Emory University in Atlanta. During the next decade, while practicing law, he also served (1968-72) in the Georgia House of Representatives. Nunn readily admits that, like most of his Georgia constituents, he is a conservative Democrat. Always an advocate of strong defense and liberal defense spending, he supported President Ronald Reagans military buildup in the early 1980s. During the Bush administration, he saved new high-tech weapons such as the Stealth bomber from defense cutbacks, but he also opposed the initial resolution authorizing Bush to use force to drive Iraq out of Kuwait. Nunn has also opposed President Bill C! linton on such highly visible issues as cuts in defense spending and lifting the ban on gays in the military. Nunn remains extremely popular in Georgia, running unopposed in 1990.

APWH Chapter 11- East Asian Rimlands Flashcard

APWH Chapter 11- East Asian Rimlands